Outputs of Photosynthesis:
Photosynthesis is a vital process that converts light energy into chemical energy, producing oxygen as a byproduct. The primary outputs of photosynthesis are glucose, a sugar molecule that serves as a source of energy for organisms, and oxygen, which is essential for cellular respiration. Glucose is produced through the Calvin cycle, which utilizes energy from ATP and NADPH to reduce carbon dioxide into glucose molecules. Photosynthesis also releases oxygen as a waste product of the water-splitting reaction in photosystem II, which generates the energy carriers ATP and NADPH. These outputs are fundamental to sustaining life on Earth, providing the energy and oxygen needed for cellular processes and the atmosphere.