Machine politics refers to a system of political leadership that controls votes and influence through distributing patronage and favors. The structure typically involves a hierarchical arrangement with a boss at the apex, operators, and wardheelers beneath. Tactics include vote buying, patronage, and corruption. Machine politics has historically influenced American history (e.g., Tammany Hall), and continues to manifest in modern times through election fraud and political polarization. It poses risks such as eroding democratic norms and suppressing dissent. Reforms to address these issues include campaign finance reform and increased transparency.