An ionic charge refers to the electrical charge carried by an ion. Ions are atoms or molecules that have gained or lost electrons, resulting in a net positive or negative charge. Cations are positively charged ions formed when atoms lose electrons, while anions are negatively charged ions formed when atoms gain electrons. Ionic bonding occurs when oppositely charged ions electrostatically attract each other, forming stable compounds. This concept is crucial for understanding chemical reactions, as ions drive many interactions, determining their reactivity, acid-base properties, and electrochemical behaviors. Ions play vital roles in batteries, electroplating, electrolysis, water treatment, and various industrial processes.
