Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are vital metabolic processes for energy production and nutrient synthesis in living organisms. In photosynthesis, sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water are converted into glucose and oxygen. The reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme Rubisco and requires chlorophyll as a pigment. Conversely, cellular respiration utilizes glucose and oxygen as reactants, breaking them down to release energy in the form of ATP. This process involves enzymes such as pyruvate dehydrogenase and cytochrome c oxidase, as well as energy carriers like NADH and FADH2. These metabolic reactions occur within specific organelles, with photosynthesis taking place in chloroplasts and cellular respiration occurring in mitochondria.